| In 1982 and
1983, the first desktop computers began to appear, many
were equipped with operating system called Berkeley
UNIX which includes Network Software that allows relatively
easy connection to the Internet. The personal computer
revolution continued through the eighties, making access
to computer resources and networked information increasingly
available to the general public.
The rapid growth of the Internet and other Telecommunications
technologies are promoting advances in virtually every
aspect of society and every corner of the globe. Most
of these advances represent positive changes in our
society.
Unfortunately, many of the attributes of this technology
- low cost, ease of use, and anonymous nature, among
others, make it an attractive medium for fraudulent
scams, child sexual exploitation, and increasingly,
a new concern known as “cybertalking.”
Cybertalking begins when two or more people communicate
through emails or a chat room. You usually don't know
who is on the other side of the computer. Since people
don't usually know who that person is, it encourages
you to say things that you normally wouldn't in person.
The person or people you are corresponding with may
be offended by your word or vice versa. The harassment
may then start from that stranger you were chatting
with. Then the cybertalking starts with the constant
abusive emails, obscene or inappropriate pictures. Your
life could be threatened or even your computer could
be sabotaged. Identity theft occurs during some of these
encounters. |
socio-economic
personal and/or corporate damages.
Can it be rightly said therefore, that Man has become
entrapped in its own techno-knowledge dynamics? Some
of the most critical cyber crimes are: Insiders, Hackers
(or “crackers”), “Hacktivism.”
Or Political Hacking, Criminal Groups, The Phonemasters',
Internet Fraud, Foreign intelligence services, Information
Warfare, Virus Writers, Internet Fraud, Identity Theft,
Child Pornography, Terrorists etc.
Recognizing this emerging problem, former American Vice
President Al Gore asked the Attorney General on February
26, 1999, to study the problem and to report back with
recommendations on how to protect people from this threat.
It is estimated that identity theft has become the fastest-growing
financial crime in America and perhaps the fastest-growing
crime of any kind in our society. Identity Theft: Is
There Another You?
The illegal use of identity information has increased
exponentially in recent years. In fiscal year 1999 alone,
the Social Security Administration (SSA) Office of Inspector
General (OIG) Fraud Hotline received approximately 62,000
allegations involving Social Security Number (SSN) misuse.
The widespread use of SSNs as identifiers has reduced
their security and increased the likelihood that they
will be the object of identity theft.
The Internet has led to the emergence of the creative
class. The expansion and popularity of the Internet
to effect commercial transactions has increased the
opportunities to commit crimes involving identity theft.
The expansion and popularity of the Internet to post
official information for the benefit of citizens and
customers has also increased opportunities to obtain
SSNs for illegal purposes.
The new economy's demand for creativity has manifested
itself in the emergence of what author Richard Florida
has termed “the Creative Class.” He reports
that some 58 million Americans, or 30 percent of the
national work force, now belong to this class. Florida
uses a broad definition of the Creative Class, considering
a member as anyone whose work function is to produce
new ideas, new technology and/or new creative content.
Hence, the Creative Class includes people in engineering
and science, architecture and design, education, music,
arts and entertainment. This class of creative individuals,
Florida says, share a common creative ethos that emphasises
individuality, creativity, difference and the creative
community merit.
As far as the members of the Creative Class are concerned,
every aspect and manifestation of creativity, cultural,
technological and economic, is inextricably linked”
(Florida, Richard: The Rise of the Creative Class. New
York: Basic, 2002).
Historically, communication technologies have played
a key role in societies. The exchange of information
through different means of communication among nations
newspapers, radio, television, etc, have influenced
human development by drawing economic geographies, shaping
national identities and rebalancing the distribution
of power within societies and among nations.
Nowhere is this influence more evident than in the current
information revolution.
|